Road train consisting of a 2-axle truck and a 3-axle semi-trailer – 40 t:

• Tent-trailer can generally carry cargo with the weight up to 24 tons;
• Refrigerated-trailer can generally carry cargo with the weight up to 22 tons.

*On certain conditions more modern trailers may be used for heavier loads.

Documents required for the exchange of goods are as follows:

• documents issued by the recipient of goods
• export documents of the country of departure
• import declaration
• CMR – International waybills  for road carriage (international waybill)

After May 2004, when the Republic of Estonia joined the European Union, the customs checkpoints disappeared from the border with the EU and since then it is not necessary to fill out export-import declarations within the EU. Upon carriage within the European Union it is enough if goods are accompanied with:

CMR – international waybill.

A packing list and an invoice (not compulsory as it may be sent also electronically)

In case of certain product groups (e.g. alcohol, hazardous cargo) special documents are required.

European countries, which still require export-import declarations, are Norway, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Andorra. In addition to filling out a declaration, the trailer has to have a TIR-seal when goods are transported to and from Russia, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro.

The aim of CMR or the Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road is to identify the consignor, consignee, transported goods and the carrier’s obligations and responsibilities.

The dispatcher’s liability insurance (in conformity with the general conditions of ELEA) compensates damage caused by the dispatcher’s executed or even non-executed work.

A semi-trailer is 13,6 m long and is pulled by a truck. In the area of carriage the truck is called with the term nose. Such combination is generally used for the carriage at shorter and longer distances and carriage between terminals.

Rear hatch trucks are also known as vans. The capacity of rear hatch trucks is smaller but they can access many places much easier. The space for goods in such vans is different but their common feature is the rear hatch.